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Configure boot disk as SATA and start the VM.
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Open an elevated command prompt and set the VM to boot into safe mode by typing
bcdedit /set "{current}" safeboot minimal -
Shut-down the VM and change the boot device type to virtio.
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Boot the VM, it will enter in safe mode. Booting into safe mode automatically enables and loads all boot-start drivers will be enabled and loaded, including virtio. Since there is now a miniport installed to use it, the kernel will now make it part of the drivers that are to be loaded on boot.
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To disable safe mode for the next boot, run in an elevated command prompt:
bcdedit /deletevalue "{current}" safeboot -
Shut down.
-
Reconfigure the boot disk to virtio and start the VM.
Autre source https://kifarunix.com/change-windows-boot-device-from-ide-to-virtio-on-kvm/